The English word 'sediment' is derived from the Latin word 'sedimentum', which means to settle. The rocks of the earth's surface are constantly being weathered by rain, wind, snow, water, flora and fauna into pieces of different sizes. Such fragmented materials of rocks are transported and deposited by exogenous factors such as wind, glaciers and moving water. These deposited substances are called depressants. Due to density, these deposited and accumulated materials are converted into rocks. This Process called Lithification.
Lithification results in the formation of sedimentary rocks. These rocks are found as stratified and are mostly porous due to the formation of many types of unstructured small particles. Fossils are found in these rocks, and due to their softness, weathering and erosion occur easily.
Since depressions usually occur in the form of horizontal layers, they are called 'flake also known as rock. Loose materials become hard and dense, turning into rocks like shale and sandstone. This change occurs due to the formation of rocks due to the dow and cementing elements produced due to the overloading of layers.
Examples of sedimentary rocks include sandstone, conglomerate, clay, sit, limestone, rock salt, rock salt, loess, travertine, dolomite , Gypsum, Chalk, Peat, Lignite, Coal, etc. can be named prominently. The effects of the underlying forces (tension and compression) on these rocks are more easily folded. These rocks are mainly formed by agents of erosion like water, snow and wind.
About three-quarters of the Earth's lithosphere is made up of sedimentary rocks, but their about 5 percent of the total volume of the volume crust .
On the basis of construction method, the sedimentary rocks have been classified into three major groups:
1.Mechanically manufactured Sedimentary rock: sandstone,Conlomerate, Shell, Loyce,Clay etc.
2.Chemically formed sedimentary rock: gypsum, salt rock (salt rock), limestone, helite, potash etc.
3.Organic. Form sedimentary rock: coal,made of.
Geyserite Lime stone, (Geyserite), alabaster (Chalk) etc.
Their main features are the following: They are softer than agrarian rock.
Sedimentary rocks are formed from fine particles of various shapes and sizes. Crystals are absent in sedimentary rocks.It has rocky layers found one above the other, horizontally arranged.Most sedimentary rocks form within the water. A variety of cracks and waves and traces of waves are found in sedimentary rocks. In sedimentary rocks, remains of fauna are found between the layers.Sedimentary rocks are mostly vulnerable and penetrable. In them, joints and joints are found. Coal and petroleum are the most important of all sedimentary deposits.
Economic significance of sedimentary rocks
The economic importance of sedimentary rocks are as follows:
Sedimentary rocks are less commonly found as having minerals of economic importance. But iron from them raw materials such as minor, phosphate, timber, coal and cement are obtained.
Sedimentary rocks are reserves of petroleum and natural gas. There are petroleum reserves in the sub-Himalayan region of India, the delta region of the Ganges, Kaveri, Godavari and Krishna rivers and the runaway rocks of Kutch and Gulf of Khambhat. Petroleum is formed by the decay of small marine organisms between inert rocky beds. In contrast, coal is formed from the remains of dead trees and plants.
Sandstone and limestone are used in building construction. Agra, Delhi and red sandstone has been used in the forts of Fatehpur Sikri. Currently most industries rely on sedimentary rock products.
The Indus and Ganges river valleys are formed from sedimentary rocks. Alluvial soil found here Is highly fertile.
Lithification results in the formation of sedimentary rocks. These rocks are found as stratified and are mostly porous due to the formation of many types of unstructured small particles. Fossils are found in these rocks, and due to their softness, weathering and erosion occur easily.
Since depressions usually occur in the form of horizontal layers, they are called 'flake also known as rock. Loose materials become hard and dense, turning into rocks like shale and sandstone. This change occurs due to the formation of rocks due to the dow and cementing elements produced due to the overloading of layers.
Examples of sedimentary rocks include sandstone, conglomerate, clay, sit, limestone, rock salt, rock salt, loess, travertine, dolomite , Gypsum, Chalk, Peat, Lignite, Coal, etc. can be named prominently. The effects of the underlying forces (tension and compression) on these rocks are more easily folded. These rocks are mainly formed by agents of erosion like water, snow and wind.
About three-quarters of the Earth's lithosphere is made up of sedimentary rocks, but their about 5 percent of the total volume of the volume crust .
On the basis of construction method, the sedimentary rocks have been classified into three major groups:
1.Mechanically manufactured Sedimentary rock: sandstone,Conlomerate, Shell, Loyce,Clay etc.
2.Chemically formed sedimentary rock: gypsum, salt rock (salt rock), limestone, helite, potash etc.
3.Organic. Form sedimentary rock: coal,made of.
Geyserite Lime stone, (Geyserite), alabaster (Chalk) etc.
Their main features are the following: They are softer than agrarian rock.
Sedimentary rocks are formed from fine particles of various shapes and sizes. Crystals are absent in sedimentary rocks.It has rocky layers found one above the other, horizontally arranged.Most sedimentary rocks form within the water. A variety of cracks and waves and traces of waves are found in sedimentary rocks. In sedimentary rocks, remains of fauna are found between the layers.Sedimentary rocks are mostly vulnerable and penetrable. In them, joints and joints are found. Coal and petroleum are the most important of all sedimentary deposits.
Economic significance of sedimentary rocks
The economic importance of sedimentary rocks are as follows:
Sedimentary rocks are less commonly found as having minerals of economic importance. But iron from them raw materials such as minor, phosphate, timber, coal and cement are obtained.
Sedimentary rocks are reserves of petroleum and natural gas. There are petroleum reserves in the sub-Himalayan region of India, the delta region of the Ganges, Kaveri, Godavari and Krishna rivers and the runaway rocks of Kutch and Gulf of Khambhat. Petroleum is formed by the decay of small marine organisms between inert rocky beds. In contrast, coal is formed from the remains of dead trees and plants.
Sandstone and limestone are used in building construction. Agra, Delhi and red sandstone has been used in the forts of Fatehpur Sikri. Currently most industries rely on sedimentary rock products.
The Indus and Ganges river valleys are formed from sedimentary rocks. Alluvial soil found here Is highly fertile.
No comments:
Post a Comment